Acute prostatitis is an infectious and inflammatory disease that covers the prostate tissues, causing extensive swelling and the appearance of a purulent outbreak. The disease can manifest itself in different ways, depending on the stage of its development. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is required for its accurate diagnosis. Treatment of acute prostatitis is most often based on medication and physiotherapy techniques.
The reasons
Alcoholism can cause acute prostatitis.
The disease is more common in men over 30 years. In most cases, the disease develops due to the negative effect of the pathogenic microflora on the male body. Thus, acute prostatitis in men can be caused by the activity of the following microorganisms:
- Staphylococcus aureus disease?
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli;
- κλεψίγια;
- enterococcus?
- Proteus.
Most of the above microorganisms are constantly present in the human body, while no inflammation is observed. If such bacteria enter the prostate tissues, then the process of their active reproduction begins, as a result of which severe inflammation develops in the prostate.
The penetration of bacteria into the urogenital system can occur during unprotected sexual intercourse. Therefore, it is very important for people who do not have regular sexual partners to use condoms.
Inflammation can also be non-infectious in nature, developing for the following reasons:
- portliness;
- sedentary life?
- rare sexual intercourse
- significant hypothermia
- cessation of sexual intercourse
- eating disorders;
- smoking and alcohol abuse.
The above factors create a fertile ground for stagnation of prostate secretion. At the same time, blood clots are observed in the vessels that are in the immediate vicinity of the organ.
With a significant accumulation of prostate secretions, a favorable environment is created for the reproduction of pathogenic microflora. As a result, the development of the inflammatory process occurs. The latter is capable of causing a number of complications, such as:
- BPH;
- abscesses;
- oncological process.
Great!In the context of acute prostatitis, most men develop problems with strength and there is a risk of infertility.
Thus, in the risk group for the development of this disease are people who:
- there is no normal sex life.
- there is a lack of physical activity.
- there are bad habits.
Forms and stages
For any symptoms of prostate discomfort, you should go to the hospital immediately.
In modern medicine, there are three main stages of this disease. Let's look at them in more detail:
- The first stage is called runny nose.It is characterized by the appearance of a primary inflammatory process with the appearance of edema of the glandular tissue, extension of the acne. In this case, the prostate gland increases in size. If the disease is not treated, then the inflammation gradually passes to the prostate excretory ducts, which are connected to the posterior part of the urethra. With inflammation of the prostate ducts, their gradual narrowing and obstruction occurs, as a result of which the process of secretory prostate secretion is somewhat difficult. In the bluetongue stage of its development, the inflammatory process covers only the mucous layers.
- This is followed by the follicular stage of the disease.It is characterized by the further progress of the inflammatory process, in which the other tissues of the organ are gradually involved. As a result, an acute form of bacterial prostatitis develops. In the analysis of urine at this stage of disease development, there is pus. However, despite the damage to a significant number of tissues, the follicular form of prostatitis responds well to treatment.
- The last stage is called parenchymal.It is characterized by a catastrophic change in the prostate tissues. At the same time, the swelling gradually increases and the inflammatory process eventually covers the entire organ. If the development of the disease reaches this stage, then the treatment process is very complicated, requiring radical measures. In the absence of timely and adequate treatment, chronic prostatitis can develop.
In the early stages of the development of this disease, there is usually a subacute stage. It is characterized by a weak severity of the signs, which is explained by the low activity of pathogens. The disease can be at this stage for a long time if the patient's body has good resistance. At the same time, it is very difficult to diagnose the disease in the subacute stage, which is why most patients do not receive timely treatment.
Symptoms
Each of these forms of the disease is characterized by its own symptoms. Therefore, you need to look at them separately.
Cataract form
This form of the disease is characterized by frequent desires to walk for a little need.
If the infection has reached the secretory ducts, then this stage of the disease develops. However, despite the fact that the inflammatory process does not extend beyond the mucous membrane, the prostate gland increases in size and swells. In this case, the urethra is compressed.
The symptoms of acute prostatitis at this stage are mild:
- Due to the compression of the canal, the patient may notice small problems with urination.
- at night, the urge to urinate becomes more frequent.
- possibly increase in body temperature to 38 degrees.
- when the patient is in a sitting position, he may feel some heaviness in the perineum.
In some cases, bluetongue occurs without severe hyperthermia.
The symptoms of the disease may disappear on their own after a few weeks of development. And most patients in this case do not go to the doctor. However, this is fraught with the transition of the disease to a chronic state. Provided that the treatment of acute prostatitis starts in time, the disease subsides after 10 days.
Portable format
If the bluetongue stage is not treated, then the disease develops further, affecting individual lobes of the organ. In this case, severe symptoms appear:
- severe pain observed when urinating.
- the patient's body temperature is maintained at approximately 38 degrees.
- a dull pain appears in the perineum, which radiates to the penis.
- the process of urination is complicated.
- the patient has difficulty defecating due to the presence of severe pain.
As this stage is characterized by purulent prostate damage, pus threads may be observed in the patient's urine. Provided the treatment is carried out on time, a complete cure for the disease at this stage occurs less than two weeks after the start of the procedures.
Parenchymal form
It is also called diffuse. As the inflammatory process covers the entire organ, the following symptoms occur:
- Perineal pain becomes almost unbearable. Periodically, they move to the lash penis. Some pain relief is possible in the supine position, when the patient presses both legs to the chest.
- Foreign body sensation in the rectum. There is significant pain in bowel movements. Constipation becomes more common and if the inflammatory process turns into a reactive form, then the secretion of mucus starts from the anus.
- There are serious problems with urination. In this case, partial and complete urinary retention is possible.
- The body temperature can reach 40 degrees. The patient suffers from chills.
Diagnostics
Various studies will be required to make a definitive diagnosis.
This disease is diagnosed by a specialized urologist who conducts a comprehensive study that includes the following types of procedures:
- physical examination;
- organic research?
- laboratory research.
During the initial examination of the patient, the specialist feels the gland. This should be done very carefully, avoiding massage movements and intense pressure. Otherwise, you may cause significant discomfort to the patient.
The main diagnostic method is the study of the prostate, which is performed by inserting a probe into the rectum. This process allows experts to obtain the following data:
- determine the pain response.
- identify the main sources of disaster;
- confirmation or denial of purulent tissue fusion points;
- evaluates the shape of the instrument and its symmetry, its size and coherence.
As a rule, the palpation of the prostate reveals the secret of this organ. Its analysis allows you to accurately determine the presence of an inflammatory process. During the research, the number of leukocytes, amyloid bodies and other components is checked.
- bacterial culture of urine and urethral secretions with antibiotic
- PCR studies for scraping.
- blood sowing for blood culture.
The nature and severity of dysuric disorders in the acute course of the disease are assessed using uroflowmetry.
Prostate ultrasound with moderate pain syndrome can be performed transversely and in case of severe pain - transdermal reaction. Ultrasound assesses the shape, size of the gland, the presence of focal or diffuse changes, determines the stage of the acute inflammatory process.
When planning surgery for catastrophic forms of acute prostatitis, pelvic magnetic resonance imaging is recommended.
Treatment of the disease
The mainstay of treatment for acute prostatitis is eotropic therapy. It is based on the timely appointment of antimicrobial drugs to the patient, which will prevent the further development of pathogenic microflora in the pelvic organs. In addition to medications, the patient has been prescribed folk remedies and physiotherapy procedures. A balanced diet plays an important role in the treatment of acute prostatitis.
Medicines
Treatment for acute prostatitis should include eliminating the infection that caused the inflammation. In addition, the task of treatment is to eliminate stagnation and normalize the blood circulation process.
In most cases, outpatient treatment is used in patients with acute prostatitis. If the patient has a parenchymal form of the disease, then he is hospitalized.
Treatment of acute infectious prostatitis includes the mandatory administration of antibiotics. In this case, the duration of treatment is determined by a specialist, just like the drugs used.
Antibiotics of different groups are active against different microorganisms. This is why occupational therapy is performed only on the basis of a thorough diagnosis. Thus, the doctor will be able to choose exactly the treatment that will be effective against a specific pathogen. Usually, the treatment is carried out using drugs of these groups:
- fluoroquinolones;
- penicillins
- macrolides.
The former are considered the most effective. For this reason, they are most often used in the treatment of acute prostatitis.
Although antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment, they are not the only drugs used for acute prostatitis. In particular, patients are prescribed antihistamines and gut-friendly bacteria.
At all stages of the treatment of acute prostatitis, it is very important to stimulate the immune system. For this reason, immunostimulatory drugs are prescribed to patients.
In addition to the above factors, interferons are used to treat acute prostatitis. It is possible to take such drugs in the form of tablets and by intramuscular injection. The latter option is considered preferable.
Physiotherapy
Provided properly selected medication for acute prostatitis, the severity of the symptoms of this disease is significantly reduced. The following physiotherapy techniques are used to consolidate the results obtained:
- Microwave and UHF therapy.
- anal electrophoresis?
- prostate massage.
Folk remedies
Many experts claim that it is impossible to cure acute prostatitis using only traditional medicine. In addition, such self-medication can significantly aggravate the disease, leading to a number of complications. In this case, folk remedies can be used only as a supplement to official medicines. In addition, many medicines are made from different plants.
As a rule, with acute form of prostatitis, patients are prescribed various infusions and decoctions. They should be taken orally or used to take a therapeutic solution while bathing. The most effective in this case are the following plants:
- chestnut;
- mother and mother?
- field ponytail;
- Oak bark?
- chamomile.
Diet
The key to treating acute prostatitis is a balanced diet. The inclusion of certain products in the patient's weekly menu is based on the severity of his illness. However, regardless of the stage of the disease, the following foods should be excluded from the diet for a while:
- smoked meat.
- fried foods?
- keep;
- strong tea and coffee
- alcoholic beverage;
- spicy and salty foods
- fatty fish and meat.
Prophylaxis
Sports activities are very useful for the prevention of prostate diseases.
Prevention of acute prostatitis involves the timely elimination of the inflammatory process. To do this, it is necessary to treat bacterial, fungal and viral diseases in a timely manner. At the same time, any medical procedures related to intraurethral or intrauterine examinations should be performed subject to appropriate aseptic rules.
Effective prevention of acute prostatitis is based on the following principles:
- Strengthening the immune system.
- Genital hygiene.
- Having a normal sex life.
- Systematic physical activity and walks in the fresh air.
- Rejection of bad habits.
- Normalization of diet.
Regular prostate massage can be an excellent prevention of certain urological diseases.
If you notice the first signs of prostatitis, you should not hesitate - you should see a specialist as soon as possible. This will help in the faster cure of the disease and will prevent some negative consequences.